Home » Posts filed under Detector
Jumat, 27 April 2012
by skemarangkaian
Skema Rangkaian Sensor Parkir dengan Infra Merah. This circuit can be used for an assist in parking the car near the garage wall backing up Pls. LED D7 illuminates Pls bumper-wall distance is about 20 cm., D7 + D6 illuminate at about 10 cm. and D7 + D6 + D5 at about 6 cm. In this manner you are alerted Pls approaching too close to the wall.
Car Parking Sensor circuit
All distances mentioned before can vary, depending on infra-red transmitting and receiving LEDs used and are mostly affected by the color of the reflecting surface. Black surfaces lower greatly the device sensitivity. Obviously, you can use this circuit in other applications like liquids level detection, proximity devices etc.
Note:
- The infra-red Photo Diode D2, should be of the type incorporating an optical sunlight filter: these components appear in black plastic cases. Some of them resemble TO92 transistors: in this case, please note that the sensitive surface is the curved, not the flat one.
- Avoid sun or artificial light hitting directly D1 & D2.
- If your car has black bumpers, you can line-up the infra-red diodes with the (mostly white) license or number plate.
- It is wiser to place all the circuitry near the infra-red LEDs in a small box. The 3 signaling LEDs can be placed far from the main box at an height making them well visible by the car driver.
- The best setup is obtained bringing D2 nearer to D1 (without a reflecting object) until D5 illuminates; then moving it a bit until D5 is clearly off. Usually D1-D2 optimum distance lies in the range 1.5-3 cm.
List Component of Car Parking Sensor circuit:R1 : 10K
R2,R5,R6,R9 : 1K
R3 : 33R
R4,R11 : 1M
R7 : 4K7
R8 : 1K5
R10,R12-R14 : 1K
C1,C4 : 1µF/63V
C2 : 47pF
C3,C5 : 100µF
D1 : Infra-red LED
D2 : Infra-red Photo Diode (see Notes)
D3,D4 : 1N4148
D5-7 : LEDs (Any color and size)
IC1 : NE555
IC2 : LM324
IC3 : LM7812
Posted in:
Detector,
Rangkaian Sensor Parkir Mobil,
Sensor,
Sensor Parkir
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Senin, 23 April 2012
by skemarangkaian
This lie detector circuit can be built in a few minutes, but can be incredibly useful when you want to know if someone is really telling you the truth. It is not as sophisticated as the ones the professionals use, but it works. It works by measuring skin resistance, which goes down when you lie.
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| Skema Rangkaian Detektor Kebohongan |
Parts List:
R1 – 33K 1/4W
ResistorR2 – 5K Pot
R3 – 1.5K 1/4W Resistor
C1 – 1uF 16V Electrolytic Capacitor
Q1 – 2N3565 NPN
TransistorM1 – 0-1 mA Analog Meter
MISC – Case, Wire, Electrodes (See Notes)
Notes:
- The electrodes can be alligator clips (although they can be painful), electrode pads (like the type they use in the hospital), or just wires and tape.
- To use the circuit, attach the electrodes to the back of the subjects hand, about 1 inch apart. Then, adjust the meter for a reading of 0. Ask the questions. You know the subject is lying when the meter changes.
Source:
Lie Detector circuit
Posted in:
Detector,
Pendeteksi
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Minggu, 22 April 2012
by skemarangkaian
Rangkaian Detektor Emas. Here the very simple and easy build gold detector circuit. The circuit capable to sense gold or metal or coins from a distance of about 20cm, depending on the size of the object to detect.
The circuit oscillates at about 140kHz and a harmonic of this frequency is detected by an AM radio. You can simply tune the radio receiver until a squeal is detected.
When the search coil is placed near a metal object, the frequency of the circuit will change and this will be heard from the speaker of AM radio.
Below image is the construction of the circuit, you will see that the radio is placed on the hand stick of the complete detector.
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| Skema Rangkaian Gold Detector |
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| Lay out Gold Detector-2 |
PARTS LIST:
1 - 220R (red-red-brown-gold)
1 - 47k (yellow-purple-orange-gold)
2 - 1n greencaps (102)
1 - 4n7 greencap (472)
1 - 10n greencap (103)
1 - 47u electrolytic
1 - BC 547 transistor
1 - slide switch
1 - 9v battery snap
1 - 9v battery
6.5m winding wire (gauge not critical)
Posted in:
Detector,
Detektor Emas,
Pendeteksi
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Rabu, 28 Maret 2012
by skemarangkaian
The following circuit of special functions to detect the presence or absence of signal AF / RF. This circuit is very simple so as to make it requires a relatively low cost. Detektor Signal AF/RF circuit based an audio amplifier and a loudspeaker with a switch input to the AF and RF signal. The whole device can be made as small as possible so that it can be included in a container to keep the peace.
Audio amplifier section in this series created by IC TDA 2822M, with a low-power stereo amplifier in 8-pin mini-DIP. This IC is used as a bridge cofiguration to minimize output power up to 250 mW, the loudspeaker is in use 4 ohm, 500mW. Current required is less than 10mA with a 3V battery voltage.
Skema Rangkaian Detektor Signal AF/RF
List Component
R1 : 22K
R2, 3, 4 : 4K7
C1 : 1n
C2, 6, 7 : 0,1uF
C3, 4 : 10uF/16V
C5 : 0,01uf
D1 : OA79
VR1 : 22K
IC 1 : TDA2822M
LS : 8 ohm 500mW
When the switch in the AF position, Signal input audio input working on AF amplifier (IC 1 pin 7) via a capacitor C2 and Potentiometer VR1. Capacitor C2 is always holding the input amplifier of the DC voltage and make it happen in the audio signal frequency. Input signal IC 1 can be arranged with the help of potentiometer VR1.
When switch on the RF position, the detector and demodulator circuit formed by capacitor C1, diode D1, and resistors R1 and R2 are connected to the input rangakaian. When the audio signal is detected it will be significantly strengthened in kerangkaian for. Signal detection is done by plugging in tactile (probe) on the legs of the existing components.
Posted in:
Detector,
Detector Signal,
Pendeteksi
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This simple metal detector requires alone a scattering of apparatus and an evening’s work. Congenital
about a cmos4011 IC, is actual able-bodied and versatile. The 250 kHz advertence oscillator is congenital with two gates (U1/1 and U1/2), C1, R1 and P1. The chase oscillator uses alone one aboideau (U1/3), two
capacitors and the chase coil. The outputs of the two oscillators are fed to the fourth aboideau acting as a mixer and
filtered with C4.
After assembly, affix the headphones and boring about-face P1. The angle will get lower until it disappears. Continuing to circle P1 in the aforementioned
administration will account the angle to acceleration again. The
point at witch the angle is the everyman and disappears is alleged “zero beat”. If you can not get this aught exhausted abundance for the absolute about-face of P1 you may accept to baddest altered ethics for C1.
Turn P1 abutting to the aught exhausted position, again move the chase braid abreast a brownish object. The accent should change, depending on the admeasurement and ambit of the metal.
Note that this simple
detector’s achievement is not commensurable to added avant-garde bartering products. It will alone ascertain about ample brownish altar at a abbreviate distance. Coins and added baby altar will be abundant harder to find!
Here the Beat-frequency Oscillator Simple Metal Detector Schematic Part List :
- U1: CD4011 (Quad 2-input NAND Gate)
- U2: LM78L05 (5V Regulator IC)
- R1: 2.2k 5% resistor
- R3: 330k 5% resistor
- R4: 270k 5% resistor
- R5: 1k 5% resistor
- C1: 390pF NPO capacitor
- C2, C3: 10nF
- C4: 100nF
- C5: 100uF/16V electrolytic
- C6: 220uF/16V electrolytic
- C7: 100nF ceramic
- P1: 4.7k lin. potentiometer
- L1: 22cm diameter, 14 turns, AWG 26
- K1: SPDT toggle switch
- J1: Headphone jack 1/4 or 1/8 inch
Posted in:
Detector,
Rangkaian Pendeteksi Logam
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This is Overheat Detector Alarm Switch using Temperature Sensor IC LM35 Electronic Suite Diagram, at the heart of this overhead detector (fire alarm) circuit is a precision integrated temperature sensor type LM35 (IC1), which provides an accurately linear and directly proportional output in mV, over the zero to +155 degrees C temperature range. This can be used as part of fire smoke detectors but do not use it as a home fire alarm system.
The LM35 develops an output voltage of 10 mV/K change in measured temperature.
Designed to draw a minimal current of its own,
the LM35 has very low self heating in still air.
Here the output of the LM35 is applied to the non-inverting input of a comparator wired around a CA3130 opamp (IC2). A voltage divider network R3-P1 sets the threshold voltage, at the inverting input of the opamp. The threshold voltage determines the adjustable temperature trip level at which the circuit is activated.
When the measured temperature exceeds the user-defined level, the comparator pulls its output High to approx. 2.2 V causing transistor T1 to be forward biased instantly. T2 is also switched on, supplying the oscillator circuit around IC3 with sufficient voltage to start working. The 555 set up in astable mode directly drives active piezoelectric buzzer Bz1 to raise a loud alert. Components R7, R8 and C4 determine the on/off rhythm of the sounderA transistor based relay driver may be driven off the emitter of T1 (TP1). Similarly, replacing the piezo sounder with a suitable relay allows switching of high-power flashers, sirens or horns working on the AC mains supply.
S:electronicsuite.com
Posted in:
Alarm,
Detector,
Sensor
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Senin, 26 Maret 2012
by skemarangkaian
Detektor kedekatan ini menggunakan detektor inframerah, dapat digunakan dalam berbagai peralatan seperti pembuka pintu otomatis dan alarm pencuri. Sirkuit yang utama terdiri dari pemancar inframerah dan penerima inframerah. Bagian pemancar terdiri dari IC pewaktu 555 dalam mode astable. Ini adalah kabel seperti yang ditunjukkan pada gambar. Output dari astabil diumpankan ke LED inframerah melalui resistor R4, yang membatasi operasi saat ini. Sirkuit ini menyediakan output frekuensi dari 38 kHz pada 50 persen siklus, yang diperlukan untuk modul detektor / penerima inframerah. Siemens SFH5110-38 adalah pilihan yang jauh lebih baik dari SFH506-38. Siemens SFH5110-38 dihidupkan dengan frekuensi berkelanjutan dari 38 kHz dengan 50 persen siklus, sedangkan SFH506 membutuhkan frekuensi ledakan 38k untuk akal. Oleh karena itu, SFH5110-38 digunakan. The receiver section comprises an infrared receiver module, a 555 monostable multivibrator, and an LED indicator. Upon reception of infrared signals, 555 timer (mono) turns on and remains on as long as infrared signals are received. When the signals are interrupted, the mono goes off after a few seconds (period=1.1 R7xC6) depending upon the value of R7-C6 combination. Thus if R7=470 kilo-ohms and C6=4.7µF, the mono period will be around 2.5 seconds.
Fig. 2: Proposed arrangement for separation of IR LED and receiver module in the proximity detectorBoth the transmitter and the receiver parts can be mounted on a single breadboard or PCB. The infrared receiver must be placed behind the infrared LED to avoid false indication due to infrared leakage. An object moving nearby actually reflects the infrared rays emitted by the infrared LED. The infrared receiver has sensitivity angle (lobe) of 0-60 degrees, hence when the reflected IR ray is sensed, the mono in the receiver part is triggered. The output from the mono may be used in any desired fashion. For example, it can be used to turn on a light when a person comes nearby by energising a relay. The light would automatically turn off after some time as the person moves away and the mono pulse period is over. The sensitivity of the detector depends on current-limiting resistor R4 in series with the infrared LED. Range is approximately 40 cm. For 20-ohm value of R4 the object at 25 cm can be sensed, while for 30-ohm value of R4 the sensing range reduces by 22.5 cm.
Posted in:
Detector,
Infrared Proximity Detector,
Pendeteksi,
Sensor
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Minggu, 25 Maret 2012
by skemarangkaian
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| Rangkaian Sensor Magnet |
Here is an interesting circuit for a magnetic proximity switch which can be used in various applications.
The magnetic proximity switch circuit, in principle, consists of a reed switch at its heart. When a magnet is brought in the vicinity of the sensor (reed switch), it operates and controls the rest of the switching circuit. In place of the reed switch, one may, as well, use a general-purpose electromagnetic reed relay (by making use of the reed switch contacts) as the sensor, if
required. These tiny reed relays are easily available as they are widely used in telecom products. The reed switch or relay to be used with this circuit should be the ‘normally open’ type.
When a magnet is brought/placed in the vicinity of the sensor element for a moment, the contacts of the reed switch close to trigger timer IC1 wired in monostable mode. As a consequence its output at pin 3 goes high for a short duration and supplies clock to the clock input (pin 3) of IC2 (CD4013—dual
D-type flip-flop). LED D2 is used as a response indicator.
This CMOS IC2 consists of two independent flip-flops though here only one is used. Note that the flip-flop is wired in toggle mode with data input (pin 5) connected to the Q (pin 2) output. On receipt of clock pulse, the Q output changes from low to high state and due to this the relay driver transistor T1 gets forward-biased. As a result the relay RL1 is energised.
Posted in:
Detector,
Magnetic Proximity Sensor,
Pendeteksi,
Sensor Magnaet
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This circuit gives out an alarm when its
sensor is wetted by water.
A 555 astable multivibrator is used here which gives a tone of about 1kHz upon detecting water.
The sensor when wetted by water completes the circuit and makes the 555 oscillate at about 1kHz.
The sensor is also shown in the circuit diagram.
It has to placed making an angle of about 30 - 45 degrees to the ground. This makes the rain water to flow through it to the ground and prevents the alarm from going on due to the stored water on the sensor.
The metal used to make the sensor has to be aluminium and not copper. This is because copper forms a blue oxide on its layer on prolonged exposure to moisture and has to be cleaned regularly.
The aluminium foils may be secured to the wooden / plastic board via epoxy adhesive or small screws.
The contact X and Y from the sensor may be obtained by small crocodile clips or you may use screws.
Posted in:
Detector,
Pendeteksi,
Rangkaian Pendeteksi Air Hujan,
Sensor
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Jumat, 23 Maret 2012
by skemarangkaian
Here is a gas leak detector circuit that detects the leakage of LPG gas and alerts the user through audio-visual indications. The circuit operates off a 9V PP3 battery. Zener diode ZD1 is used to convert 9V into 5V DC to drive the gas sensor module.
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Gas leak detector schematic |
The gas leakage circuit uses the SEN-1327 gas sensor module from RhydoLABZ. Its output goes high when the gas level reaches or exceeds certain point. A preset in the module is used to set the threshold. Interfacing with the sensor module is done through a 4-pin SIP header.
Pin details of the gas sensor module are shown in Fig. 2. An MQ-6 gas sensor is used in the gas sensor module. The sensor can also be used to detect combustible gases, especially methane.
Whenever there is LPG concentration of 1000 ppm (parts per million) in the area, the OUT pin of the sensor module goes high. This signal drives timer IC 555, which is wired as an astable multivibrator. The multivibrator basically works as a tone generator.
Output pin 3 of IC 555 is connected to LED1 and speaker-driver transistor SL100 through current-limiting resistors R5 and R4, respectively. LED1 glows and the alarm sounds to alert the user of gas leakage. The pitch of the tone can be changed by varying preset VR1. Use a suitable heat-sink for transistor SL100.
Posted in:
Detector,
Pendeteksi,
Rangkaian Detektor Kebocoran Gas,
Sensor
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Rangkaian ini sangat berguna untuk memberitahu kita bahwa hujan akan segera terjadi. Apalagi saat kita sedang menjemur pakaian. cara kerjanya cukup sederhana saat kita sedang nonton TV atau bahkan tertidur jika ada hujan turun maka secara otomatis rangkaian akan membunyikan alarm sehingga kita dapat segera memasukkan jemuran ke dalam rumah (asal kita terbangun saat mendengarnya.....).
Prinsip kerja rangkaian cukup sederhana. supaya lebih memahami prinsip kejanya coba lihat gambar rangkaian berikut.
angkaian ini akan menggunakan IC555 yaitu ic timer. pada aplikasi ini kita gunakan sebagai pembangkit sinyal kotak dengan frekuensi 1 KHz. Pada titik A-B kita hubungkan ke sensor air yang kita buat sendiri. Jika titik AB terhubung maka IC 555 akan mengahasilkan sinyal kotak pada kaki no 3 sehingga speaker akan berbunyi.
Untuk membuat sensor air sebenarnya terserah ukurannya yang jelas semakin lebar/besar semakin bagus karena kemungkinan tetes air hujan menganai papan semakin besar. dan jangan lupa meletakkan sensor air di luar rumah suapaya saat terkena air hujan sensor mejadi aktif. untuk aluminium foil kita bisa menggunakan bekas pembungkus makanan ringan.
Posted in:
Aneka Rangkaian Sederhana,
Detector,
Pendeteksi,
Rangkaian Pendeteksi Air Hujan,
Sensor
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Rabu, 21 Maret 2012
by skemarangkaian
circuit of rain detector uses a sensor made of a small piece of etched PC board and a simple SCR circuit to detect rain and sound a buzzer. The SCR could also be used to activate a relay, turn on a lamp, or send a signal to a security system.
Component list of rain detector
- R1 1K 1/4 W Resistor
- R2 680 Ohm 1/4 W Resistor
- D1 1N4001 Silicon Diode
- BZ1 12V Buzzer
- S1 SPST Switch
- SCR1 C106B1 SCR 106CY
- SENSOR
The sensor is a small piece of PC board etched to the pattern showen in the schematic. The traces should be very close to each other, but never touching. A large spiral pattern would also work.
Make sure to use a loud buzzer.
Posted in:
Aneka Rangkaian Sederhana,
Detector,
Home Circuits,
Pendeteksi,
Rangkaian Pendeteksi Air Hujan,
Sensor
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Jumat, 16 Maret 2012
by skemarangkaian
Circuit of Movement detectors
Photodioda as removing the transmitter beam infra red with the pulsation frequency 5KHz, then the pulsation will be reflection by reflector in front of it. and received by the phototransistor as the receiver. The detected object is located between the transmitter-receiver with a reflector.
Circuit on the left is the transmitter modulation circuit that produces infrared 5KHz throbbing. On the right side is the receiver circuit, there is a resonance tuned amplifier. Band width it can control so the receiver circuit can catch the beat of the transmitter modulation 5Khz. Bandwidth control is also working to reduce the sensitivity of the effect of light in the surrounding areas.
Posted in:
Detector,
Home Circuits,
Pendeteksi,
Sensor
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Rabu, 14 Maret 2012
by skemarangkaian
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| Rangkaian Lampu otomatis menggunakan photocell (LDR) |
This is a photocell circuit for detecting the light intensity. At full light the resistance of the photocell will be few ten ohms and at darkness it will rise to several hundred ohms. IC1 Op amp uA741 is wired as a comparator here. At darkness the resistance of photocell increases and so the voltage at the inverting input of the IC1 will be less than the reference voltage at the non inverting input. The output of the IC1 goes to positive saturation and it switches ON the transistor to activate the relay. By this way the lamp
connected through the relay contact glows. The diode D1 works as a freewheeling diode.
photocell A light sensor (photodetector) that varies its resistance between its two terminals based on the amount of photons (light) it receives. Used for photographic light meters, automatic on-at-dusk street lights and other light-sensitive applications, it is also called a "light dependent resistor" (LDR) and "photoresistor."
The photocell's semiconductor material is typically cadmium sulfide (CdS), but other elements are also used. Photocells and photodiodes are used for similar applications; however, the photocell passes current bi-directionally, whereas the photodiode is unidirectional.
Gambar photocell
Photocells come in a variety of packages such as this assortment from PerkinElmer. As the photocell receives more photons, the resistance is lowered between the two terminals.
Posted in:
Detector,
Lampu Mati Nyala Otomatis,
Pendeteksi
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| Skema Rangkaian Pendeteksi Sinyal Electromagnetic |
This is the circuit of electromagnetic field sensor which can sense electromagnetic field from 40Hz to 140Hz. The IC LF351 and associated components forms the pick-up section. 1uH coil L1 is used for sensing the field and the IC1 performs the necessary amplification. If the picked electromagnetic field is in the audio frequency range, it can be
heard through the head phone Z1. There is also a meter arrangement for accurate measuring of the signal strength. Transistor Q1 performs additional amplification on the picked signal in order to drive the meter.
IC LF351 Description
The IC LF351 is a low cost high speed JFET input operational amplifier with an internally trimmed input offset voltage (BI-FET II™ technology). The device requires a low supply current and yet maintains a large gain bandwidth product and a fast slew rate. In addition, well matched high voltage JFET input devices provide very low input bias and offset currents. The LF351 is pin compatible with the standard LM741 and uses the same offset voltage adjustment circuitry. This feature allows designers to immediately upgrade the overall performance of existing LM741 designs.
The IC LF351 may be used in applications such as high speed integrators, fast D/A converters, sample-and-hold circuits and many other circuits requiring low input offset voltage, low input bias current, high input impedance, high slew rate and wide bandwidth.
Features IC LF351 • Internally trimmed offset voltage: 10 mV
• Low input bias current: 50 pA
• Low input noise voltage: 25 nV/
• Low input noise current: 0.01 pA/
• Wide gain bandwidth: 4 MHz
• High slew rate: 13 V/µs
• Low supply current: 1.8 mA
• High input impedance: 1012 Ohm
• Low total harmonic distortion AV=10,: <0.02% RL=10k, VO=20 Vp-p, BW=20 Hz-20 kHz
• Low 1/f noise corner: 50 Hz
• Fast settling time to 0.01%: 2 µs.
Posted in:
Detector,
Pendeteksi,
Rangkaian Pendeteksi Sinyal Electromagnetic,
Sensor
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| Skema rangkaian pengukur kecepatan udaran |
This is a simple wind meter (anemometer) circuit. this circuit can measure wind speeds up to 75m/s using this circuit.
Transistors Q1 and Q2 are used for sensing the wind. The relationship between thermal impedance of the transistor and the surrounding wind speed is utilized here. Transistors Q1 and Q2 are wired so that
the Vce of Q1 is higher than Q2 and therefore there will be a higher power dissipation. The wind causes cooling and so the Vce of Q1 changes. The ends in different power dissipations and different voltages across R10. This variation is detected by the opamp and amplified to produce the Vout which is proportional to the wind speed. For still air Vout will be 0V and at 75m/s wind speed the Vout will be 2.5V. A 3V FSD voltmeter connected across the Vout terminal and ground can be used as the display.
For proper working, the air must pass over both the transistors (Q1 and Q2).
The resistors used are not standard values. So you need to use the combination (series or parallel) of resistors to attain the specified values. Please note that the resistor values are very critical in this circuit.
IC LT1013 Description
Absolute maximum ratings IC LT1013- Supply voltage : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . +22 V/ –22 V
- Input voltage range, VI (any input) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . VCC– –5 V to VCC+
- Differential input voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 30 V
- Duration of short-circuit current at (or below) 25 C . . . . . . . . . . Unlimited
- Package thermal impedance, θJA : D package . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 C/W
- P package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . 85 C/W
- Case temperature for 60 seconds: FK package . . . . . . . . . . . . 260 C
- Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds: D or P package . . . . 260 C
- JG package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300 C
- Storage temperature range, Tstg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . –65 C to 150 C
Posted in:
Detector,
Pendeteksi,
Rangkaian Pengukur Kecepatan Udaran
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| Skema rangkaian pengukur suhu air |
This circuit measures the water temperature. this circuit use IC CA3161 and CA3162 for control all, The Temperature Value can’t be keep always while no power supply as It hasn’t EEPROM to save. This circiut will be display for you monitoring only that is make sense to implement in water.
The IC CA3161 is a counter and 7segment LED driver to display amount of temperature on 7segments. About a temperature sensor is a diode which number 1N4148. This is like of the Car Radiator. Connect to the 5 Vdc power supply from Car Battery that you can use a LM7805 for +5Vdc regulation with low cost voltage regulator.
For the method of temperature measurement: first after application of at least 2 currents of a thermal sensor, including at least two output signals are generated calculating an analog signal to the temperature of the reaction at least two signals, the analog signal representative of temperature to the temperature sensors, a calibration, the calibration factor is calculated by applying the order of leastthree thermal sensor, and calibration of a gap in the temperature of the concept of analog signal, that the development gap-term is at least a series of parasite resistance to the thermal temperature sensor and the signal processing theanalog digital signal to a temperature reference value for the conversion of the reference value for the transition is consistent with the calibration.
The LM340A monolithic 3-terminal positive voltage regulators employ internal current-limiting, thermal shutdown and safe-area compensation, making them essentially indestructible. If adequate heat sinking is provided, they can deliver over 1.0A output current.
Parameters IC LM340A- Output Current: 1000 mA
- Output Voltage: 7.5, 12, 15, 8, 5 Volt
- Input Min Voltage: 7.5, 14.8, 10.5, 17.9 Volt
- Input Max Voltage: 35 Volt
- Temperature Min: 0 deg C
- Temperature Max: 70, 125 deg C
- RegType: Linear Regulator
IC CA3161E Description The CA3161E is a monolithic integrated circuit that performs the BCD to seven segment decoding function and features constant current segment drivers. When used with the CA3162E A/D Converter the CA3161E provides a complete digital readout system with a minimum number of external parts.
Absolute Maximum Ratings IC CA3161E- DC VSUPPLY (Between Terminals 1 and 10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .+7.0V
- Input Voltage (Terminals 1, 2, 6, 7). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .+5.5V
- Output Voltage
- Output “Off”. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +7V
- Output “On” (Note 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +10V
IC CA3162E DescriptionThe CA3162E are I2L monolithic A/D converters that provide a 3 digit multiplexed BCD output. They are used with the CA3161E BCD-to-Seven-Segment Decoder/Driver and a minimum of external parts to implement a complete 3-digit display. The CA3162AE is identical to the CA3162E except for an extended operating temperature range.
Absolute Maximum Ratings IC CA3162E
- DC Supply Voltage (Between Pins 7 and 14) . . . . . . . . . . . . . +7V
- Input Voltage (Pin 10 or 11 to Ground). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15V
- Temperature Range CA3162E. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0 to 75oC
- Temperature Range CA3162AE . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -40oC to 85oC
- Maximum Junction Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150oC
- Maximum Storage Temperature Range . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .-65oC to 150oC
- Maximum Lead Temperature (Soldering 10s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300oC.
Posted in:
Detector,
Pendeteksi,
Rangkaian Pengukur Suhu Air
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Sensor Pendeteksi Warna
This circuit can sense eight colours, i.e. blue, green and red (primary colours); magenta, yellow and cyan (secondary colours); and black and white. The circuit is based on the fundamentals of optics and digital electronics. The object whose colour is required to be detected should be placed in front of the system.
Skema Rangkaian Sensor Pendeteksi Warna
Note:
- Potmeters VR1, VR2 and VR3 may be used to adjust the sensitivity of the LDRs.
- Common ends of the LDRs should be connected to positive supply.
- Use good quality light filters.
The light rays reflected from the object will fall on the three convex lenses which are fixed in front of the three LDRs. The convex lenses are used to converge light rays. This helps to increase the sensitivity of LDRs. Blue, green and red glass plates (filters) are fixed in front of LDR1, LDR2 and LDR3 respectively. When reflected light rays from the object fall on the gadget, the coloured filter glass plates determine which of the LDRs would get triggered. The circuit makes use of only AND gates and NOT gates.
When a primary coloured light ray falls on the system, the glass plate corresponding to that primary colour will allow that specific light to pass through. But the other two glass plates will not allow any light to pass through. Thus only one LDR will get triggered and the gate output corresponding to that LDR will become logic 1 to indicate which colour it is. Similarly, when a secondary coloured light ray falls on the system, the two primary glass plates corres- ponding to the mixed colour will allow that light to pass through while the remaining one will not allow any light ray to pass through it. As a result two of the LDRs get triggered and the gate output corresponding to these will become logic 1 and indicate which colour it is.
When all the LDRs get triggered or remain untriggered, you will observe white and black light indications respectively.
The LDR is mounded in a tube, behind a lens, and aimed at the object. The coloured glass filter should be fixed in front of the LDR as shown in the figure. Make three of that kind and fix them in a suitable case. Adjustments are critical and the gadget performance would depend upon its proper fabrication and use of correct filters as well as light conditions.
Posted in:
Detector,
Pendeteksi,
Rangkaian Sensor Pendeteksi Warna
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Selasa, 13 Maret 2012
by skemarangkaian
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| Skema Rangkaian Pendeteksi Metal |
This is a metal detector circuit used IC CS209A . A 100uH coil is used to sense the presence of metal. The IC CS209A has a built in oscillator circuit and the coil L1 forms a part of its external LC circuit which determines the frequency of oscillation. The inductance of the coil change in the presence of metals and the resultant change in oscillation is demodulated to create an alarm. The LED gives a visual indication too. This circuit can sense metals up to a distance of few inches.
Note:
The switch S1 can be a slide type ON/OFF switch.
The POT R1 can be used to adjust the sensitivity of the circuit.
IC CS209A DescriptionThe CS209A is a bipolar monolithic integrated circuit for use in metal detection (Pendeteksi Metal)/ proximity sensing applications. The IC (see block diagram) contains two on-chip current regulators, oscillator and low-level feedback circuitry, peak detection/demodulation circuit, a comparator and two complementary output stages.
The oscillator, along with an external LC network, provides controlled oscillations
where amplitude is highly dependent on the Q of the LC tank. During low Q conditions, a variable low-level feedback circuit provides drive to maintain oscillation. The peak demodulator senses the negative portion of the oscillator envelop and provides a demodulated waveform as input to the comparator. The comparator sets the states of the complementary outputs by comparing the input from the demodulator to an internal reference. External loads are required for the output pins. A transient suppression circuit is included to absorb negative transients
Lay out IC CS209A and diagram blog IC CS209A
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Supply Voltage ................................................................................................24V
Power Dissipation (TA = 125¡C).............................................................200mW
Storage Temperature Range ....................................................Ð55¡C to +165¡C
Junction Temperature...............................................................Ð40¡C to +150¡C
Electrostatic Discharge (except TANK pin) ................................................2kV
Lead Temperature Soldering
Wave Solder(through hole styles only) ...........10 sec. max, 260¡C peak
Reflow (SMD styles only) ...........60 sec. max above 183¡C, 230¡C peak
Posted in:
Detector,
Pendeteksi,
Rangkaian Pendeteksi Logam
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| Rangkaian Pendeteksi Angin |
This circuit uses an incandescent lamp to detect airflow (mendeteksi angin). With the filament exposed to air, a constant current source is used to slightly heat the filament. As it is heated, the resistance increases. As air flows over the filament it cools down, thus lowering it's resistance. A comparator is used to detect this difference and light an LED. With a few changes, the circuit can be connected to a meter or ADC to provide an estimation on the amount of air flow.
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LM339 Pinout |
The glass will have to be removed from L1 without breaking the filament. Wrap the glass in masking tape and it in a vise. Slowly crank down until the glass breaks, then remove the bulb and carefully peel back the tape. If the filament has broken, you will need another lamp.
List Component
R1 : 100 Ohm 1/4W Resistor
R2 : 470 Ohm 1/4W Resistor
R3 : 10k 1/4W Resistor
R4 : 100K 1/4W Resistor
R5 : 1K 1/4W Resistor
C1 : 47uF Electrolytic Capacitor
U1 : 78L05 Voltage Regulator
U2 : LM339 Op Amp
L1 : #47 Incandescent lamp with glass removed (See "Notes")
D1 : LED
Posted in:
Detector,
Pendeteksi,
Rangkaian Pendeteksi Angin
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